Tribofilm Enhancement of Aminoguanidine Ionic Liquid With ZDDP/MoDTC for Heavy-Duty Interface

Abstract This work systematically studies the synergistic effects of an aminoguanidine-based ionic liquid (AO-IL) combined with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) and molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) on enhancing the tribological performance of heavy-duty interfaces. AO-IL preferentially adsorbs onto metal surfaces, reducing contact with micro-asperities. This is attributed to its high adsorption energy on Fe(001) surfaces. Results indicated that the tribofilm exhibited a composite structure. The outer layer consisted of short-chain zinc phosphate, a lubricious carbon phase, and layered MoS2, which collectively reduced shear resistance and friction. The Fe3C phase in the sublayer may improve the interface microstructure. Fe3O4 inhibited oxidation propagation through surface passivation.