Experimental Research on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Layers under Different Pouring Environments

The pouring of mass concrete is significantly influenced by construction timing and environmental factors, which affect its macroscopic mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of four pouring conditions: interval, wind speed, temperature, and humidity on the physical and mechanical properties of low-heat large volume cement concrete with interfacial layers. Using the grey relational grade method, we analyze how these factors affect strength. Results show that wind speed, temperature, and pouring interval negatively affect moisture evaporation and concrete strength. Wind speed most notably impacts moisture evaporation, with an approximately linear increase. Extending the pouring interval significantly reduces mechanical properties, with splitting tensile strength decreasing by 67.92% and other strength indicators by more than 25%. Grey relational analysis ranks the environmental factors’ influence as wind speed > temperature > humidity. To ensure optimal concrete performance, we recommend a pouring interval of less than 3 h, humidity less than 60%, and avoidance of high temperatures (>30°C) and strong winds (>6 m/s). These findings offer specific guidelines for similar projects, but further validation under diverse conditions is advised.