PERINATAL OUTCOMES OF FETUSES WITH SECOND-TRIMESTER RENAL PYELECTASIS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Background: Fetal renal pyelectasis is a common ultrasonographic nding during second-trimester anomaly scans, with outcomes ranging from spontaneous resolution to signicant postnatal renal anomalies (Pereira et al., 2011; Cohen-Overbeek et al., 2005). This study evaluates the perinatal outcomes associated with antenatally diagnosed pyelectasis. Aim: To assess perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with fetal renal pyelectasis detected in the second trimester. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Bharati Hospital, Pune, from October 2023 to October 2025, including 97 pregnant women diagnosed with fetal pyelectasis in the second trimester. Maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v26.0. Results: The mean maternal age was 28.8 ± 5.0 years. Most women delivered at term (90.7%), with 59.8% undergoing LSCS. Among neonates, 36.1% required NICU admission. Hydronephrosis was absent in 28.9%, mild in 35.1%, moderate in 29.9%, and severe in 6.2%. Antibiotics were required in 10.3% of neonates. Larger renal pelvic diameters in the second trimester were signicantly associated with preterm birth (p<0.01), NICU stay (p<0.001), and postnatal antibiotic use (p<0.05). Conclusion: Fetal renal pyelectasis is associated with increased risk of NICU admission and postnatal interventions. AP diameters in the second trimester serve as predictive markers for adverse perinatal outcomes (Bendre et al., 2025, submitted).