Socially embedded knowledge sharing in SME networks: a conceptual model for territorial ecosystems

Purpose This study aim to propose a conceptual model to explain and enhance knowledge sharing in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with a particular focus on the role of social capital, network structure and social networking technologies (SNTs) in facilitating tacit knowledge flows across supply chains. Design/methodology/approach The study integrates theoretical foundations from social capital theory, social network analysis (SNA) and the knowledge-based view (KBV) of the firm to build a multidimensional conceptual framework. The model is illustrated through a case-based application in a culturally embedded SME ecosystem in Alcoi (Spain), using qualitative methods, including document analysis, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Findings The model identifies how structural and relational social capital, network configuration and SNTs jointly enable knowledge sharing processes, especially tacit knowledge. The case demonstrates that SMEs embedded in dense, trust-based networks can leverage simple digital tools and educational partnerships to enhance collaboration, innovation and supply chain agility. Research limitations/implications This is a conceptual and exploratory contribution. Future research should empirically validate the model across multiple SME settings and develop instruments to measure knowledge-sharing readiness and digital maturity. Practical implications The model provides actionable insights for SME managers and policymakers. It supports the design of strategies to reinforce trust-based knowledge flows, strengthen network ties and adopt digital tools aligned with informal collaboration practices. Social implications Knowledge sharing is shown to contribute to community resilience, intergenerational learning and the preservation of cultural identity in regional production ecosystems. The model also supports inclusive innovation policies for SMEs. Originality/value This paper offers a novel integration of KM and supply chain perspectives by combining social capital and SNA with digital enablers of tacit knowledge exchange. It contributes both a conceptual framework and a practical roadmap for enhancing knowledge flows in SME-dominated environments.