International Comparison of Distribution, Change and Restoration of Blue Carbon Ecosystem in Coastal Wetlands

Coastal wetlands (salt marshes, mangroves, seagrass beds), as important blue carbon ecosystems, have unique value in global carbon cycling and carbon neutrality goals.In this paper, the coastal wetland is taken as the main research object, and its global distribution pattern and driving factors of space-time change are systematically combed, so as to evaluate the role of biological diversity in carbon storage and recovery.Through a comparative analysis of the policies and practices of China, Australia, Indonesia and other countries in terms of protection, restoration and governance。The serious threats to the blue carbon reservoir, such as reclamation, aquaculture expansion, pollution and sea level rise, were revealed.Based on literature case analysis, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional blue carbon management framework, emphasizing the need to strengthen the capacity-building of developing countries, promote the development of the international blue carbon market, and deepen the research on the blue carbon biodiversity synergy mechanism.At the same time, advocating the integration of new methods such as remote sensing and microbiology, narrowing the gap between research and practice through international cooperation, in order to maximize the contribution of coastal wetlands to global carbon neutrality.