Verruciform Xanthoma Of Gingiva

Verruciform xanthoma is an uncommon and benign lesion, often presents as a verrucoid, papillary or granular mass. The cause of verruciform xanthoma is still unknown. It is most commonly appeared on the oral mucosa, and also can occur on skin or anogenital areas. A 25-year-old man presented to the stomatological hospital with a 2-month history of a gingival lesion. The lesion was pink, asymptomatic, solitary, well demarcated mass with granular surface . Histopathological examination after an excisional biopsy revealed that accumulations of numerous foamy cells (macrophages) within connective tissue papillae. The lesions are typically treated by excision surgery. The lesion had not recurred after the 6-year follow-up. Oral verruciform xanthoma typically presents as a single papule or plaque with verrucous, granular or papillary surface,the lesion color may appear pale red, pink, or grayish-white.This clinical manifestation can lead to potential misdiagnosis as squamous papilloma, verruca vulgaris, fibroma, verrucous carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma. Differential diagnosis from these conditions is crucial during clinical evaluation. It is usually managed with complete surgical resection,and rarely recurs after surgery. The definitive diagnosis of verruciform xanthoma primarily relies on histopathological examination. Although histologically distinctive, careful differentiation is required from other disorders.Verruciform xanthoma can be managed with surgical excision. Complete surgical resection is recommended.The prognosis is often good.