Osa/Gelatin-LbGp Spray Attenuates Tobacco-Induced Oral Mucositis

Develop a sodium alginate dialdehyde (OSA)/gelatin microsphere-based Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LbGp) spray to mitigate tobacco combustion product-induced oral mucositis and periodontitis. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE, 2.5–12.5%) was prepared via water extraction; 7.5% CSE was selected for cytotoxicity (CCK-8 assay). LbGp spray concentration (1 mg/mL) was optimized using CCK-8 and live/dead cell staining. Physicochemical properties (pH 6.8), antioxidant capacity, sustained release, dose uniformity, stability, and mucosal adhesion were assessed. HGFs exposed to 7.5% CSE were treated with the spray; migration (scratch assay), oxidative stress (ROS/GSH levels), and inflammation markers were analyzed. Smoking-induced oral mucositis in rats was evaluated for ulcer healing kinetics, collagen deposition (Masson staining), and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6). 1.The spray showed robust antioxidant activity (ROS ↓35%, GSH ↑1.8-fold vs. CSE group), sustained release (>8 h), and strong mucosal adhesion. 2.HGF viability improved by 62% with enhanced migration (wound closure rate: 78% vs. 45% in CSE group). 3.In rats, ulcer healing accelerated by 40% (day 7), collagen density increased 2.1-fold, IL-10 expression rose 3.5-fold, while TNF-α/IL-6 decreased by 58% and 49%, respectively. The OSA/gelatin-LbGp spray combines optimal biocompatibility, stability, and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory efficacy, offering a non-invasive therapeutic option for tobacco-associated oral mucosal damage.