Bmp2-Copcap Vs Iliac Cancellous Bone In Rabbit Alveolar Cleft

To compare of BMP2-copCaP efficacy in alveolar cleft repair with iliac cancellous bone. Twenty-four rabbits were divided into Control, Iliac, CaP, and BMP2-copCaP groups (n=6). A 1*0.5 cm alveolar defect was surgically created in the right maxilla and filled with assigned materials. Micro-CT analysis was conducted at 4 and 12 weeks (3 rabbits/group/timepoint) to assess bone regeneration. At 4 weeks, BMP2-copCaP demonstrated the highest new bone volume (2.348 vs. 0.018/0.301/0.880 mm³; p < 0.01), bone volume density (22.44% vs. 0.019/2.29/6.295%; p ≤ 0.0067), and bone mineral density (0.421 vs. 0.129/0.252/0.410 g/cm³; p = 0.0008 vs. Control). By 12 weeks, it maintained dominance: new bone volume (10.841 vs. 0.278/5.655/1.095 mm³; p < 0.001 vs. Control/CaP, p <0.005 vs. Iliac), bone volume density (26.76% vs. 0.78/11.44/3.06%; p < 0.0001 vs. Control/CaP, p = 0.0105 vs. Iliac), and bone mineral density (0.523 vs. 0.162/0.348/0.22 g/cm³; p = 0.0034 vs. Control, p = 0.0156 vs. CaP). BMP2-copCaP demonstrates significantly enhanced bone regeneration in alveolar cleft repair compared to traditional iliac cancellous bone grafts. These findings highlight its potential as a viable clinical alternative to autologous bone transplantation in alveolar cleft repair.