Schisandrol A-Loaded Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Promote Skin Healing

SA was carried by hydrogels and exosomes as carriers to determine its therapeutic effect on skin healing. The effect of different Chinese medicine monomers on cell proliferation was analyzed using CCK-8 detection. Exo from mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using the ultrafiltration method, and the obtained Exo were characterized by TEM, NTA, and flow cytometry. The differential expression of FTO gene in HaCaT cells treated with SA was determined by RNA-seq. The FTO/miR-21/WNT 5A signaling pathway is implicated in the regulation of cellular processes by modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In vivo study evaluating the promotion of skin healing by Exo-SA hydrogel. SA enhanced migration and proliferation in HaCaT cells. RNA sequencing further revealed that the healing effect of SA was mediated through the regulation of miR-21/WNT5A expression by FTO. Finally, PF-127 hydrogel was utilized as a dressing for the delivery of exosomes and SA in a mouse wound model. Compared to the treatment group receiving SA alone, the group treated with exosomes carrying SA exhibited enhanced wound healing speed and efficacy. These results were further confirmed by histopathological and biochemical analyses. In conclusion, SA can enhance the proliferation and migration of skin cells, thereby facilitating skin healing. This mechanism is mediated through the FTO/miR-21/WNT5A pathway.