A Cyclodextrin Hydrogel For Polyamine Capturing In Periodontitis Treatment

Polyamine accumulation exacerbates inflammation and tissue destruction in periodontitis, but its therapeutic potential remains unclear, and this study evaluates a polyamine-scavenging hydrogel for periodontitis inflammation by restoring polyamine homeostasis. Polyamine levels were analyzed in gingival crevicular fluid from gingivitis patients periodontitis patients and healthy controls (n=5 for both groups) with Ethics Committee approval (NO.20230344). A dextran methacryloyl hydrogel loaded with dodecyl sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin (DexMA@SCDC12) was synthesized for polyamine capturing. In vitro, polyamine scavenging, biocompatibility (Live/Dead assay), oxidative stress reduction (cellular ROS detection), and inflammatory cytokine and enzymes involved in polyamine metabolism expression (qRT-PCR for IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and ODC1) were assessed. The inhibitory effects of the materials on free bacteria and biofilm formation of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum were evaluated by plate counting, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. A rat periodontitis model (n=30, male, 6 weeks old) received DexMA@SCDC12 treatment, and micro-CT, histological analyses were performed after four weeks. Polyamine levels showed a positive correlation with the values of the periodontal clinical parameters PD, PLI and BI. SCDC12 effectively reduced oxidative stress, down-regulated inflammatory cytokines, inhibited pathogenic biofilm formation, and suppressed polyamine biosynthesis in vitro by scavenging polyamines, In vivo, DexMA@SCDC12 downregulated polyamine synthesis, reduced local inflammation, and preserved alveolar bone volume. SCDC12 represents a promising polyamine-scavenging strategy in periodontitis pathogenesis by restoring polyamine homeostasis and provide a foundation for developing biomaterials for precise treatment of inflammatory diseases