A Triple-Function Janus Liposozyme For Periodontitis Treatment

To develop a multi-functional Janus liposozyme (TSEL) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of periodontitis treatment. Different concentrations of TSEL and its partial structural component SEL were added to bacterial suspensions and exposed to light. The bactericidal and plaque removing capabilities were explored through plate colony counting, live-dead staining, scanning electron microscopy and crystal violet staining. An in vitro periodontitis model was established by stimulating human periodontal ligament cells/mouse macrophages with LPS. The protective effects of TSEL on these cells were detected through DCFH-DA/JC-1 fluorescence imaging, GSH, L-LDH kits, scratch assay, qRT-PCR, Western Blot, ALP staining, and alizarin red staining. The immunomodulatory capacity was investigated through immunofluorescence imaging, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and Elisa kits in macrophages. A rat in vivo periodontitis model was established through ligation and application of Porphyromonas gingivalis solution. Following intervention with TSEL or TL/SEL, the efficacy of these materials was explored through plate colony counting, Elisa Kits, micro-CT and tissue section staining. TSEL exhibits on-demand bactericidal activity upon light stimulation. It effectively restores the osteogenic potential of stem cells under inflammatory conditions and regulates immune homeostasis. In the rat periodontitis model, TSEL significantly reduces local inflammation and promotes alveolar bone regeneration. The Janus liposozyme (TSEL) developed for periodontitis treatment demonstrates multiple therapeutic effects, including plaque biofilm removal, protection of stem cells by reducing oxidative stress and restoring osteogenic capacity, modulation of immune homeostasis, and promotion of alveolar bone regeneration, thereby achieving superior therapeutic outcomes.