Clinical And Radiographic Outcomes Of TSFE In Atrophic Maxilla

To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of TSFE with or without bone grafting in atrophic maxilla. This retrospective study included 234 patients with RBH of 3-5mm who underwent TSFE, divided into Group 1 (with bone grafting, n=141) and Group 2 (without bone grafting, n=93). Patient medical histories were collected, and radiographic parameters were measured at four timepoints: preoperative (T0), immediate postoperative (T1), healing phase (T2, 4-6 months postoperatively), and follow-up period (T3, 1-6 years postoperatively). The primary outcomes were implant survival rate and endo-sinus bone gain volume (ESBGV). Secondary outcomes included: complication incidence rate, peri-implant soft tissue parameters, and marginal bone loss (MBL). A multiple linear regression model was employed to identify key determinants influencing endo-sinus bone augmentation following TSFE. The survival rate was 98.05% for Group 1 and 98.99% for Group 2, with no significant difference in the two groups. Group 2 achieved more ESBGV than Group 1 at T2/T3 phase, with Group 2 showing progressive resorption over 3 years versus early stabilization in Group 1. No significant differences in complication incidence rate, MBL and peri-implant tissue parameters were found. Immediate postoperative sinus lift volume showed a significant positive correlation with ESBGV. TSFE is a reliable treatment option in atrophic maxilla, while bone grafting material enhanced sinus bone augmentation but did not improve survival rate. Except of bone grafting material, immediate postoperative sinus lift volume was the primary predictor of bone augmentation.