Mathematical Modeling Of Human Anterior Maxillary Dental Arch Characteristics

This study examines and quantifies variations in the maxillary dental arch, a universally recognized yet under-researched class characteristic critical to forensic odontology. Two scanners collected digital maxilla scans from 100 participants (50% male, 50% female). The arch shape's intercuspal distance and parabolic curvature (y=ax²+bx+c) were defined, recorded, and analyzed. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) [95% confidence range] was 0.959 [0.909, 0.984] for the intercuspal width, 0.990 [0.968, 0.996] for the coefficient 'a', 0.784 [0.578, 0.911] for the coefficient' b', and 0.931 [0.851, 0.973] for the coefficient 'c'. The mean intercuspal distance of maxillary canines was 33.8mm (SD:2.25mm, 29.0 to 39.6mm). The mean fitted curve created by Linear Mixed Model (LMM) for Quadratic Regression Analysis was a mean of y-meanTotal=0.040x2-0.0008x-1.581, an upper limit of y-higherTotal=0.047x2-0.0039x+2.593, and a lower limit of y-lowerTotal=0.032x2-0.0012x-5.754. In addition, sexual dimorphism using quadratic analysis was not established. Quadratic regression analysis of intercuspal distance provides a reliable and objective method for characterizing class characteristics of the maxillary dental arch, with high predictive accuracy for forensic assessments.