Photoelectrically-Responsive Bifunctional Biomimetics Scaffolds For Maxillofacial Infected Bone Regeneration

This study aims to synthesize photoelectrically-responsive Ti3C2Tx through chemical regulation and co-assemble them with mineralized biomimetic scaffolds to construct photoelectrically-responsive mineralized biomimetic scaffolds(PE-MS) that integrate antibacterial and osteogenic functions. The PE-MS were fabricated through biomimetic mineralization method. SEM, TEM, AFM, and electrochemical measurements were used to examine the physical and chemical properties of the PE-MS. Real time-PCR was used to detect the anti-inflammation property and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs after laden on the PE-MS. The critical-sized noninfected and infected calvarial defects in Sprague-Dawley rats were created. The bone regeneration was evaluated by micro-CT, HE, and Masson staining.Open alveolar bone defects in rabbits and vertical bone defects in beagle dogs were created. Micro-CT and histological staining were used to evaluate the bone regeneration. (1) The PE-MS fibril exhibited bone-like D-periods and self-promoted the sustained release of microcurrent. (3) The excellent antibacterial properties of the sp-EMS were derived from the accompanying ROS generated by self-promoted electrical stimulation and the inhibition of inflammatory factors. (4) After 12 weeks, the defect area of the PE-MS was filled with new bone. (5) After 8 weeks of implantation in rabbit open alveolar bone defects, nearly all bone defects in the PE-MS group were regenerated. The PE-MS based on maxillofacial microenvironment provides a bone-like photo-electrophysical environment, which promotes BMSCs osteogenic differentiation, inhibits bacterial activity, and ultimately induces maxillofacial bone regeneration.