Pcl-Peg-Cgf Scaffold Enhances Osteogenesis And Periodontal Regeneration

To investigate the effects of polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol (PCL-PEG) scaffolds loaded with concentrated growth factor (CGF) on the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). PCL-PEG-CGF composite scaffolds were prepared using the immersion-freeze-drying method. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were characterized. hPDLSCs were isolated and cultured via enzymatic digestion, and their phenotype was confirmed by flow cytometry. Third-passage hPDLSCs were used to evaluate the effects of the composite scaffolds on cell proliferation (CCK-8 assay), adhesion (DAPI staining), and osteogenic differentiation *in vitro* through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining, and Western blot analysis of RUNX2, ALP, and BMP2 protein expression. The PCL-PEG-CGF scaffolds exhibited a honeycomb-like porous structure and favorable mechanical properties. The scaffolds significantly enhanced hPDLSC adhesion and proliferation. Compared to control groups, the scaffold group showed markedly increased ALP activity, greater mineralization nodule formation, and upregulated expression of RUNX2, ALP, and BMP2 proteins, indicating enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. The PCL-PEG-CGF composite scaffold, by combining the bioactivity of CGF with the mechanical advantages of PCL-PEG, significantly promotes the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. This scaffold demonstrates potential as a novel material for promoting periodontal tissue regeneration.