Dpscs-Exo-Mpo Modulates Pdlscs Inflamm-Osteo Via Elane Axis

The pathogenesis of periodontitis remains incompletely understood, hindering therapeutic advances. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly their exosomes, are critical mediators of intercellular communication and inflammatory regulation. We used Western blot and IF to evaluate the expression of MPO and ELANE in periodontitis itssue. qRT-PCR to assay the relationship between MPO and ELANE expression with inflammatory and osteogenic factors . We employ co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and truncation assays to map MPO-ELANE binding dynamics and dissect the ELANE/NF-κB-mediated signaling axis. Our studies identified elevated exosome myeloperoxidase (Exo-MPO) in periodontitis patients’ saliva, correlating with IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Using a 3D co-culture model, we demonstrated that dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes (DPSCs-Exo) deliver Exo-MPO to periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), upregulating neutrophil elastase (ELANE) to amplify inflammation and suppress osteogenesis. We propose that DPSCs-Exo-MPO targets ELANE in PDLSCs, triggering downstream networks that disrupt the inflammation-osteogenesis balance. This work clarifies how DPSCs-Exo-MPO drives periodontitis progression and provides new mechanistic insights to inform exosome-targeted therapies.