Mechanical Force Induced Periodontal Inflammation Through Exosomes From Pdlcs

This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of force-induced periodontal inflammation. A male Sprague-Dawley rat orthodontic model (6-8 weeks old) was established, and the inflammatory responses in the tension-side periodontal tissue were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and micro-CT analysis. Plasma exosomes were isolated, with BCA assays measuring their secretion levels before and after the orthodontic force application and differential exosomal miRNA expression identified through high-throughput sequencing. After conducting bioinformatics analyses, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to assess the impact of PDLC-derived exosomes and exosomal miR-9-5p on inflammation in the tension-side periodontal ligament. Additionally, both immunohistochemistry and western blot assays were conducted to investigate the activation of the JNK pathway by miR-9-5p. Orthodontic tension force induced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in rats. It enhanced plasma exosomes secretion and altered exosomal miRNA expression, with target genes closely associated with periodontal inflammation and bone remodeling. Bioinformatics and experimental analyses revealed that PDLC-derived exosomal miR-9-5p exacerbates force-induced periodontal inflammation by activating the JNK pathway. This study highlights the role of PDLC-derived exosomes and the miRNAs they carry, particularly miR-9-5p, in mediating force-induced periodontal inflammation via the JNK pathway. The findings underscore the significance of exploring exosomal mechanisms and utilizing integrated research strategies to advance our understanding of mechanically driven periodontal disease progression.