D-Cais With Ar Accuracy Indicator: Ultimate Solution For Cais

Current CAIS strategies are jeopardized by their intrinsic limitations. To that end, an AR-based navigation system (ANS) was developed integrating real-time spatial guidance and intuitive visual indicators. The feasibility, efficiency, and safety of the ANS was evaluated in vitro. Our system enables spatial perception and real-time navigation, providing intuitive accuracy information via a AR indicator. The evaluation of the ANS were conducted by: 1) comparison against freehand surgery in partially edentulous plastic model (N=60), and 2) comparisons against s-CAIS and d-CAIS in porcine mandibles (N=36). Deviation in coronal, apical, and angular positions was calculated. Compared to freehand surgery, ANS significantly reduced angular deviation (2.77±0.51° vs. 3.72±1.84°, P=0.047), entry point deviation (0.66±0.29 mm vs. 1.03±0.28 mm, P<0.001), and apical deviation (0.75±0.37 mm vs. 1.90±0.41 mm, P<0.001). Among ANS, s-CAIS, and d-DNS, ANS demonstrated the best performance, with significantly lower angular deviation (1.78±0.80° vs. 6.26±3.15° vs. 3.56±2.17°, P<0.001) and apical deviation (0.82±0.35 mm vs. 1.67±0.77 mm vs. 1.19±0.46 mm, P=0.003). The ANS system with a holographic navigation indicator has preliminarily demonstrated its feasibility, efficiency, and safety in implantology. Providing intuitive navigation, ANS offers distinct advantages improving implant placement accuracy while reducing complexity.