Association Between Framingham Steatosis Index And Periodontitis

The Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI), proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and recently linked to depression, cardiovascular diseases and other systemic diseases, highlights the imperative to explore its potential connection with periodontitis. FSI is calculated based on age, body mass index, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, diabetes history, and hypertension status. The study included 4,493 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database spanning the years 2009 to 2014. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between FSI and moderate/severe periodontitis, with smooth curve fitting to explore nonlinear relationships. A two-piecewise linear model identified inflection points, and subgroup analyses revealed heterogeneity across different subgroups. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the association between FSI and stage III/IV periodontitis. In fully adjusted models accounting for all covariates, individuals in the highest FSI quartile had a 51% higher likelihood of moderate/severe periodontitis compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.86). Furthermore, participants in the highest FSI quartile faced a 45% elevated risk of stage III/IV periodontitis in comparison with the lowest quartile (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.79). The two-piecewise linear regression model indicated significantly higher periodontitis risk when FSI < -2.37 compared to FSI ≥ -2.37. This cross-sectional study demonstrated a positive association between FSI and moderate/severe periodontitis, suggesting that monitoring this index may aid in assessing periodontitis risk.