Association Between GNRI And Periodontitis In Older Adults

The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is widely used to assess nutritional status in older populations. This study aimed to evaluate the association between GNRI and the prevalence of periodontitis in older adults Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 1999–2004 and 2009–2014. A total of 4442 participants aged ≥65 years with complete GNRI and periodontal examination data were included. GNRI was calculated using established formulas. Multifactorial logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between GNRI and periodontitis, adjusting for potential confounders. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to examine the dose–response relationship. Logistic regression showed a significant inverse association between GNRI and periodontitis risk (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–1.00; p=0.009). RCS analysis revealed that the risk of periodontitis increased significantly when GNRI was below 114.99. Lower GNRI is significantly associated with an increased risk of periodontitis in older adults. These findings suggest that GNRI may serve as a useful marker for identifying individuals at higher risk of periodontal disease in geriatric populations.