Effects Of Restoration_Materials On 3D_Tissue_Alterations After Immediate_Implant_Placement And CTG

Aim or purpose: This study quantitatively analyzed 3-Dimentional hard and soft tissue changes via digital methods following IIP and CTG with different provisional materials (3D-printed PMMA and ziconia), assessing material biocompatibility effects on CTG healing outcomes over a 6-month period. Materials and methods: This RCT was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Jan, 2022 to Feb, 2024). IIP and CTG was completed sequentially. Immediate restoration was CAD and fabricated with zirconia(control, n=11) and 3D-printed PMMA(test, n=10). Horizontal facial bone thickness, horizontal facial contour thickness, gingival and papilla height was assessed by CBCT/intraoral scans at BASELINE and 6 months 3-Dimensionally. Results: All participants completed the 6-month observational period with 100% implant survival rate. The test group exhibited significantly greater distal papilla recession (-0.96±1.04 mm vs -0.10±0.68 mm) and contour collapse at three reference levels relative to the implant platform: -1 mm (-1.04±0.84 mm vs -0.42±0.55 mm), 0 mm (-0.96±0.69 mm vs -0.31±0.59 mm), and +1 mm (-0.76±0.65 mm vs -0.12±0.54 mm). No statistically significant intergroup differences were observed in hard tissue parameters. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that provisional restoration material selection significantly influences soft tissue stability during post-IIP/CTG healing. While 3D-printed PMMA were associated with greater contour collapse and papilla recession compared to zirconia which suggested suboptimal biocompatibility. Neither material demonstrated significant impact on bone remodeling processes.