Decellularized-Scaffold For The Precise Reconstruction Of Temporomandibular Joint Disc

To address the absence of effective clinical treatments for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc-related diseases, we have engineered a novel prosthesis. This prosthesis is constructed using a decellularized natural disc, which has been reinforced with laser-drilled modifications and polycaprolactone. This design not only replicates the innate morphology of the TMJ disc but also closely matches its structural, biomechanical, and biological properties. The developed prosthetic construct exhibited excellent biocompatibility, safety, and immunological tolerance, as evidenced by in vitro assessments and in vivo experiments using a rat subcutaneous model. Upon six months of implantation in an allogeneic rabbit model for TMJ disc reconstruction, the prosthesis preserved its structural integrity, maintained the orientation of collagen fibers, and retained its mechanical properties. Additionally, it ensured the stability of the joint structure and effectively prevented damage to the articular cartilage and bone. This highlights the potential of this prosthesis as a promising solution for TMJ disc reconstruction, offering significant clinical relevance. The outcomes of this study underscore the translational potential of utilizing allogeneic or xenogeneic decellularized disc prostheses in the treatment of advanced TMJ disc-related diseases. This approach highlights a viable pathway for clinical application, demonstrating the feasibility of such prostheses in effectively addressing complex TMJ disc-related diseases.