Preparation And Research Of Gallic Acid-Iron Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffold

The gallic acid-iron (GA-Fe) complex and hydroxyapatite (HA) were incorporated into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), freeze-drying to fabricate GelHA-GAFe composite scaffolds, aiming to address the clinical challenge of bone defect repair. The GA-Fe complex was synthesized by mixing gallic acid with ferric chloride hexahydrate. The cytotoxicity of the GA-Fe complex was evaluated using the CCK8 assay, while its osteogenesis-promoting effect was assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and analysis.Subsequently, HA and the GA-Fe were incorporated into the GelMA solution, freeze-drying to fabricate four distinct types of scaffolds. The physicochemical properties of the composite scaffolds were characterized.Different groups of scaffolds were co-cultured with MC-3T3E1 cells to evaluate the biocompatibility using the CCK8 assay. The promotional effects of these scaffolds on the osteogenic differentiation of MC-3T3E1 cells were assessed through ALP staining, qRT-PCR, and alizarin red staining. A bilateral cranial bone defect model was created in mice, with scaffold materials implanted on one side. The regeneration effect on bone tissue was evaluated using Micro-CT at 4 and 8 weeks post-implantation. GA-Fe complexes and GelHA-GAFe composite scaffolds were successfully synthesized. These composite scaffolds exhibit excellent physical and chemical properties, along with notable biocompatibility and osteogenic promotion activity. The GelHA-GAFe scaffolds have been shown to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC-3T3E1 cells in vitro, and they can enhance bone regeneration in vivo, demonstrating significant potential for clinical applications.