The Preventive Effects And Mechanisms Of Streptococcus Salivarius In CIOM

This study explores the preventive effects and mechanisms of Streptococcus salivarius (SS) on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM) and its impact on gut microbiota. Forty C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control (CON), CIOM, CIOM+SS, and CON+SS. Tongue and colonic mucosa were collected on days 8 and 12 for histological analysis (HE staining), inflammatory marker expression (qRT-PCR for IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and apoptosis detection (immunofluorescence). Oral and gut microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing. S. salivarius effectively prevented CIOM, reducing ulcer size, increasing epithelial proliferation, and decreasing apoptosis. It also modulated oral microbiota dysbiosis in CIOM mice. However, oral S. salivarius administration altered gut microbiota, significantly increasing Prevotella species. S. salivarius shows promise in preventing CIOM and restoring oral microbiota balance. However, its impact on gut microbiota, particularly the increase in Prevotella, warrants further investigation to ensure safety in clinical applications.