Microbial Metabolites Short-Chain Fatty Acids (Scfas) In Implant Osseointegration

To investigate the effect of antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis on implant osseointegration and the role of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in implant osseointegration. 4-week-old male SPF C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: SPF group (normal water), antibiotics treated (AbT) group (broad-spectrum antibiotics water), microbiota recolonization group (Co-house), and SCFAs group (broad-spectrum antibiotics + SCFAs water). The bacterial DNA was extracted from mouse feces, and the bacterial content was detected via RT PCR. SCFAs concentrations in serum were measured via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Implants were inserted into the femur of mice, and micro-CT and methylene blue stained sections were used to evaluate the osseointegration after 4 weeks. AbT group exhibited a significant reduction in bacterial content, while no significant difference was observed between SPF group and Co-house group. Compared with SPF group, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and bone-implant contact (BIC) of mice in AbT group were significantly reduced, and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) was significantly increased, while no significant difference was found between Co-house group and SPF group, indicating impaired osseointegration in AbT group. Following oral supplementation with SCFAs, there was a notable increase in BV/TV and BIC, as well as a significant decrease in Tb.Sp, suggesting substantial improvement in osseointegration. Gut microbiota dysbiosis could cause impaired implant osseointegration. Supplementation of SCFAs was able to restore the implant osseointegration.