Smart Multifunctional Plasma Self-Assembled Delivery System For Periodontitis Treatment

Periodontitis is one of the world's six major non-communicable and infectious diseases, which seriously affects oral and general health.The mainstream treatment involves antibiotics, but its effectiveness in biofilm removal is still inadequate, and causing antibiotic resistance, which hinders the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Developing multifunctional biomaterials can effectively enhance antimicrobial properties and improve tissue repair. By triggering the self-assembly process of plasma proteins and ICG, a multifunctional self-assembled delivery system(PICG)has been developed to addresses the current challenges in treating periodontitis. This study successfully constructed spherical particles with a particle size of 258 nm (PICG) through self-assembly of plasma and ICG, relying on the formation of disulfide bonds. PICG was released by dual-responsive ROS and near-infrared light. PICG generates ROS through photodynamic action to achieve an efficient antibacterial effect on biofilms while also utilizing plasma’s ability to disrupt bacterial cell walls, resulting in a long-lasting combined antibacterial effect. PICG possesses immune regulatory functions, reducing the inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 and enhances their regenerative abilities such as cell proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenesis. In vivo PICG could enable real-time dynamic monitoring of drug delivery, effectively alleviate the inflammatory response, enhance the expression of regeneration-related factors, promote periodontal tissue regeneration and repair, and improve the structure and function of periodontal tissues. This study provides a new idea and theoretical basis for multifunctional combined treatment of periodontitis.