Outcomes Of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures For Immature Teeth In Adults

This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes between regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) and apical barrier technique (ABT) in treating immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp in adults. According to the inclusion criteria (ChiCTR2400086929, Ethics No.:201841), Thirty-eight patients (age > 18) with 40 teeth were divided into REPs and ABT groups (n=20 each). Clinical and/or radiographic examinations were performed during follow-up visits at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Assessments included success rates, root structures, and pulp vitality, using the periapical index (PAI) and electric pulp tester. Statistical analyses involved Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, and Fisher's exact test/Pearson chi-square test. Univariate Cox regression analyzed potential predictors. REPs group showed 95% survival and 90% success rates, with three teeth exhibiting root changes and two regaining pulp vitality. No significant differences in survival (p=1.000) or success rates (p=1.000) were found between groups. PAI scores significantly decreased in both groups at 24 months (p<0.001). Baseline root development stage significantly influenced success rates of REPs according to this study (p=0.048). REPs demonstrated significant clinical efficacy for infected immature permanent teeth in adults, but larger prospective trials are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and explore regulatory mechanisms for functional regeneration.