Lps-Bmscs-Exos Enhances Periodontal Repair Via Oxidative Stress Modulation

Exosomes derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (termed LPS-BMSCs-Exos) were extracted and investigated for its ability to alleviate oxidative stress and enhance osteogenic capacity through in vitro and in vivo experiments. 1. LPS-BMSCs-Exos were extracted and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western Blot. 2. An H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress model in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) was treated with BMSCs-Exos or LPS-BMSCs-Exos. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and osteogenesis (assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP),Alizarin red staining) were analyzed. 3. A rat periodontitis model was established and treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), BMSCs-Exos, or LPS-BMSCs-Exos. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological staining and ROS fluorescent staining. 1. The isolated vesicles displayed typical exosomal features: double-layered membrane structure, ∼110 nm particle size, and positive expression of exosome-specific markers. 2. LPS-BMSCs-Exos markedly ameliorated oxidative stress in H₂O₂-treated PDLSCs (reduced ROS, elevated SOD activity). ALP/Alizarin red staining showed its restored osteogenic capacity (higher ALP activity,calcium deposition) more effectively than BMSCs-Exos. 3. In periodontitis rats, LPS-BMSCs-Exos outperformed others, significantly reducing alveolar bone loss, enhancing periodontal fiber regeneration, and suppressing ROS signals. LPS-BMSCs-Exos significantly alleviates periodontitis-induced oxidative stress in periodontal tissues, promotes osteogenesis, and mitigates alveolar bone resorption, demonstrating its potential as a promising therapeutic agent for periodontitis.