Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of multi-layer spiral CT scan combined with ultrasound examination for struma ovarii: A case–control study

This case-control study aimed to improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis of struma ovarii by analyzing the ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) features, along with clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed in our hospital, and by reviewing relevant literature. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the US and CT findings of 32 patients with suspected struma ovarii in our hospital between September 2012 and December 2024. Pathological results were used as the gold standard to analyze the sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of ultrasonography, CT, and combined US and CT examinations. Thirteen cases were positive and 19 cases were negative on CT; 12 cases were positive and 20 cases were negative on ultrasonography; and 13 cases were positive and 19 cases were negative on combined ultrasonography and CT. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined US and CT examinations (85.71%, 90.63%, and 94.44%, respectively) were higher than those of the individual US and CT examinations (P < .05). Our study suggests that US can effectively distinguish between fat and calcification, whereas CT can clearly display enhancement of the cyst wall and septum, especially the significantly enhanced nodules on the wall. The combined use of ultrasonography and CT can improve the diagnostic accuracy for this disease.