Naturalistic sleep tracking in a longitudinal cohort: Uncertainty and bias in short duration sampling

The simulation and empiric data approaches both suggest that bias and uncertainty due to sub-sampling depend on: a) the sample size of observations within each participant, b) the descriptive statistic used to capture centrality or dispersion, and c) the distribution shape of the data (normal or skewed). Longer duration tracking provides important and tangible benefits to reduce bias and uncertainty in sleep health research that historically relies on small observation windows.