Analysis of the Logistics Impact for the Freight Transportation Sector Using Electric Trucks

The transition to sustainable transport in the logistics sector requires innovative strategies, yet companies still face uncertainty regarding the operational, economic, and environmental feasibility of replacing diesel trucks with electric ones. Electric trucks represent a sustainable alternative, contributing to the reduction in pollutant gas emissions, noise reduction in traffic, and lower operational costs, in addition to building sustainable logistics through recharges from renewable energy sources. Although electric trucks offer sustainability benefits, existing research often lacks analyses based on real-world delivery conditions. In this context, the objective of this paper is to analyze the logistical impact of introducing electric trucks for beverage transportation. This study includes assessments of planned route profiles, economic evaluation during operation, emission mitigation costs, and charging analyses under different pricing models in consumer units. These elements were selected to reflect the actual challenges companies face. The results demonstrate that electric trucks can reduce fuel costs by 83.90% and significantly lower carbon emissions, confirming their viability for last-mile freight transport operations. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the process of replacing diesel trucks with electric ones is a viable alternative for companies due to the savings generated during operation and the reduction in pollutant emissions.