The role of stating speech types in travel texts

This article is devoted to the study of the role of stating types of speech in travel texts. It has been revealed that a large number of descriptions of the landscape are inherent in travel reporting, as in it the author shares his personal thoughts and experiences from the trip. Description of the interior, portrait and description of the subject are more often found in travel essays and notes, as in them the author tries to convey not only the exterior of the building, but also the interior of the room, staff or interesting personalities. Description-characteristics are especially in demand in recommendations, as this genre is characterized by detailed descriptions of routes, localities, places to visit, costs, travel tips and reviews, since the texts of this genre contain deep author's reflections on events and vivid and memorable descriptions. The purpose of the work is to analyze the types of speech in correlation with the genre classification of travel texts. In the study, 107 travel texts from magazines and online platforms, such as Yandex, were analyzed using a descriptive method. Such as "Travel", "Around the world", "RUSSPASS" and others. The methodological basis for determining the ascertaining types of speech is the work of the O. A. Nechaeva linguistic school, which distinguishes the types of description (landscape, interior, portrait, subject, characteristic) and narration (specifically scenic, generically scenic, informational). A quantitative analysis of the distribution of speech types by genres of travel texts (travel essay, travel report, recommendation, review, note) was carried out. It was found that the genre of "review" is dominated by description (45%), and the genre of "recommendation" is dominated by narration (31%). In addition, the work revealed the peculiarities of using speech types. For example, a landscape description is typical for a travel report, a description of an interior, subject, and portrait is typical for a travel essay and a note, and a description-characteristic is more common in recommendations and reviews. Informational narration prevails in most travel texts, providing their informational function, while specific stage and generalized stage narratives convey the dynamics of events and the personal experience of the author. The research results can be applied in journalism and linguistics to develop techniques for creating and editing travel texts. For the first time, the study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the role of stating speech types in travel texts, including on the basis of a quantitative approach, which made it possible to identify their genre specifics and functional role. The study highlights the importance of combining textual and visual components to enhance the impact on the reader. Description and narration are integral and complementary components of travel texts that convey the atmosphere of travel and the author's personal experience. Their combination with visual elements such as travel photography enhances the perception of text, while maintaining the unique role of textual description in creating an emotional and aesthetic effect.