Optimization of a Composite Plate Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact

The paper proposes an optimization procedure for maximizing the resistance of composite plates exposed to impact loads. For a composite plate with a predefined composite material, number, and thickness of layers, the set objective is to find the optimal solution in terms of the layer orientation so as to withstand the impact test. The fiber orientation angle is treated as a continuous design variable within the context of the problem. The commercially available finite element software package Abaqus is used to model a Kevlar 49/Epoxy composite plate and simulate its mechanical behavior when exposed to an impact load. As this deals with a highly dynamic process that involves significant nonlinear effects, an explicit time-integration scheme is selected. Prediction of the plate damage based on its maximum stress failure criteria is used as the objective function for optimization, whereas the penetration analysis is based on the Hashin criteria and implemented in an Abaqus VUMAT subroutine. The obtained results are expected to be of interest to ballistic vest manufacturers to develop passive protection solutions.