Impact of Corticosteroids in Suprascapular Nerve Block on Pain and Function in Chronic Rotator Cuff Disease: A Retrospective, Observational, Longitudinal, Analytical Cohort Study

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is a useful therapeutic option for chronic shoulder pain, although the synergistic use of corticosteroids with anesthetics to prolong its effect is a controversial topic. The primary objective of this study was to compare the evolution of pain and functionality using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire between patients treated with SSNB with corticosteroids (cSSNB) and without them (sSSNB). <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective, observational, longitudinal, analytical cohort study was conducted in 28 patients (14 n per group) aged 50-80 years who had undergone SSNB with 4 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine and 40 mg/mL triamcinolone during 2024 for chronic shoulder pain lasting more than 6 months. The variables to be collected were VAS, DASH, range of motion (ROM) and Lattinen Index (LI) at baseline, the first and the third month. Patients were grouped according to the type of SSNB (cSSNB vs. sSSNB) and analyzed longitudinally and cross-sectionally using IBM-SPSS Statistics version 28.0.0. <b>Results</b>: Regarding pain, the cSSNB obtained a significant reduction in the median VAS of 4 points in the first month (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and in the third month (<i>p</i> = 0.002). In addition, significantly lower evaluations in VAS were obtained in the third month of 3 points (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in favor of the cSSNB. Regarding functionality, a reduction in evaluations with respect to the initial DASH were observed only in the cSSNB, with a difference in the first month of 21.80 points (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 21.35 points (<i>p</i> = 0.003) in the third month. In addition, differences between groups were found, in favor of the cSSNB, of 19.20 points (<i>p</i> = 0.017) in the first month and 12.55 points (<i>p</i> = 0.012) in the third month. <b>Conclusions</b>: The combined use of corticosteroids in SSNB appears to be associated with better short-to medium-term outcomes in terms of pain and function, compared to the use of SSNB without corticosteroids in chronic rotator cuff pathologies.