DdONN-PINNs: Complex Optical Wavefield Reconstruction by Domain Decomposition of Optical Neural Networks and Physics-Informed Information

To address the challenges of poor adaptability to spatial heterogeneity, easy breakage of amplitude–phase coupling relationships, and insufficient physical consistency in complex optical wavefield reconstruction, this paper proposes the DdONN-PINNs hybrid framework. Focused on preserving the intrinsic symmetries of wave physics, the framework achieves deep integration of optical neural networks and physics-informed information. Centered on an architecture of “SIREN shared encoding–domain-specific output”, it utilizes the periodic activation property of SIREN encoders to maintain the spatial symmetry of wavefield distribution, incorporates learnable Fourier diffraction layers to model physical propagation processes, and adopts native complex-domain modeling to avoid splitting the real and imaginary parts of complex amplitudes—effectively adapting to spatial heterogeneity while fully preserving amplitude-phase coupling in wavefields. Validated on rogue wavefields governed by the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE), experimental results demonstrate that DdONN-PINNs achieve an amplitude Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 2.94×10−3 and a phase MSE of 5.86×10−4, outperforming non-domain-decomposed models and ReLU-activated variants significantly. Robustness analysis shows stable reconstruction performance even at a noise level of σ=0.1. This framework provides a balanced solution for wavefield reconstruction that integrates precision, physical interpretability, and robustness, with potential applications in fiber-optic communication and ocean optics.