New species of Aspergillus in sections Cavernicolarum and Nigri from terrestrial ecosystems of China (Eurotiales, Aspergillaceae)

<i>Aspergillus</i> species are of great industrial, agricultural, and medicinal importance. During investigations on the biodiversity of Aspergillaceae, two species of <i>Aspergillus</i> isolated from soil samples in China were identified as new to science based on sequence analyses and morphological comparisons. <i>Aspergillus hebeiensis</i> from a traditional cultural and Buddhist heritage site is the second member of the series Hainanici in section Cavernicolarum of subgenus Nidulantes, while <i>A. xishuangbannaensis</i> from a tropical nature reserve is classified in subgenus Circumdati, section Nigri, series <i>Japonici</i>. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of both species are provided, and the ecological functions of their habitats are also discussed.