Retraction notice: Develop artificial neural network numerical modeling to study fluid flow and heat transfer of dispersed nanoparticles through base liquid

The publishers of International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow wish to retract the article Alkanhal, T.A. (2021), “Develop artificial neural network numerical modeling to study fluid flow and heat transfer of dispersed nanoparticles through base liquid”, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 31 No. 8, pp. 2733–2753. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-11-2020-0697An internal investigation into a series of submissions has uncovered evidence that the peer review process was compromised. As a result of these concerns, the findings of the article cannot be relied upon. This decision has been taken in accordance with Emerald’s publishing ethics and the COPE guidelines on retractions.Despite numerous attempts to contact the authors, the journal has received no response; the response of the authors would be gratefully received.The publishers of the journal sincerely apologize to the readers.The retracted article is available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-11-2020-0697