Epilepsy – existing misconceptions, taboos and lack of awareness: a qualitative review

Purpose Misperceptions, stigma and treatment denial of epilepsy have been a concern in India for centuries. Improvements in education, socioeconomic status, health system and technological advancements have created more awareness and acceptance of epilepsy in India. However, this still needs improvement to achieve better epilepsy treatment compliance and to further reduce stigma and denial. Design/methodology/approach This review aims to understand various misconceptions regarding epilepsy among the Indian population and to make an updated epilepsy education framework. This review used a qualitative systematic review approach developed by Dixon Woods. Findings Lower awareness regarding the aetiology, treatment and lifestyle of epilepsy patients is still prevalent. Stigma and isolation towards persons with epilepsy and their family members are reported in various studies. Females with epilepsy are facing more discrimination and issues in family life. Health education for epilepsy patients, family members and the public should include the aetiology, especially the idiopathic nature in most cases, treatment availability and effectiveness and the ability of female epilepsy patients to lead normal lives in most cases. Also, one of the neglected areas is the psychosocial issues of family members of epilepsy patients, which need special attention in epilepsy education. Originality/value This review aims to give a comprehensive idea about recent evidence regarding gaps in awareness and stigma related to epilepsy. This review can give an in-depth idea regarding the areas to be covered in epilepsy education across Indian regions.