Abstract 4371213: Integrated Radiogenomics Improves Classification of Genetic Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Background: The prognosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) varies by several factors, including imaging characteristics and genotype, reflecting underlying pathology. Traditional machine learning models typically require large datasets, which are challenging to obtain in rare disease research. Bayesian Networks (BN) excel with limited data by incorporating domain knowledge and handling imaging uncertainty. Research Question: Can integrated radiogenomics improve the classification of genetic variants in HCM compared to models using clinical or radiomic features alone? Aim: To establish a novel BN that evaluates the ability of radiogenomics to improve disease classification by integrating imaging derived radiomic features with clinical genotyping data. Methods: We used a BN to analyze 41 HCM patients who had both clinical cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR, 3T, Siemens Health Systems, Germany) and genotyping (Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; Lapcorp Invitae, San Francisco, CA), identifying 20 Pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) and 21 VUS between 2018-2024. CMR included pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences. Clinical and CMR variables included cardiac structure and function, body size, blood pressure, heart rate, age, and sex. Clinical variables and radiomic features from T1 and LGE were extracted, normalized, and reduced using mutual information and random forest feature importance. A BN with domain-informed priors trained using 5-fold cross-validation (CV) (30 repeats) classified P/LP vs. VUS, reporting sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) (Figure 1). Results: The radiomics model for classifying P/LP vs. VUS in HCM achieved a mean CV accuracy of 0.84 and an AUC of 0.82, outperforming the clinical model (0.82 accuracy, 0.74 AUC). The combined clinical+radiomics model improved further (0.88 accuracy, 0.88 AUC) (Figure 2), with a net reclassification index of 0.68, demonstrating the strength of integrated modeling (Figure 3). Conclusions: Integrated radiogenomics using BNs shows promise in classifying HCM variants with limited data, improving performance above clinical models. External validation will further refine these findings.