Research on Rapid Suppression Methods for Gas-Jet Type Lithium-Ion Battery Fires

A method for rapidly extinguishing gas-jet-type thermal runaway fires in prismatic lithium-ion batteries was investigated. Suppression experiments were conducted on prismatic lithium-ion batteries charged to more than 90% capacity, at both the cell and module levels. Thermal runaway was triggered by heating the surface of a single cell at a rate of 7 ℃/min, after which a military-grade FK-5-1-12 fire extinguishing device, capable of releasing the agent within 0.2 s, was activated. At both the cell and module levels, flames were extinguished within one second of agent release. The results confirm that the rapid discharge of the extinguishing agent, delivered with strong pressure, is effective for suppressing gas-jet-type thermal runaway fires in lithium-ion batteries. This approach shows potential for application in fire suppression systems designed to respond to explosive fires in ESS and electric vehicles.