Ecological view and practice of Chinese path to modernization

The Chinese path to modernization is characterized by emphasizing the harmony between humanity and nature. It upholds the principles of respecting, obeying, and protecting nature to achieve a coordinated integration of economic development and ecological conservation. This ecological view stems from China’s modernization practices, aligns with universal principles of modernization, and roots in features that are unique to China. It stresses a correct understanding of the human–nature relationship, the importance of systematic ecological planning and the central role of ecosystems in ecological conservation, and the necessity of following the laws of nature. Drawing on the experiences and lessons from Western developed countries, this ecological view provides a balanced and adaptive framework for reconciling development and conservation. Under this ecological view, China has achieved remarkable progress in many aspects of ecological governance such as aquatic environment management, air quality improvement, and vegetation restoration. These achievements not only demonstrate a viable path toward harmonizing economic development and ecological civilization, but also offer China’s insights and solutions to global ecological governance.