Development of an Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Enzymatic Sensor to Monitor Glucose in Human Plasma

Integration of direct electron transfer-type (DET-type) <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> glucose dehydrogenase (<i>Bc</i>GDH) with an extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) transducer to measure glucose in human plasma is a promising approach to overcome technology limitations in commercial continuous glucose monitors (CGM). Sensors were fabricated using microwire electrodes and were characterized for selectivity against interferents, reversibility, stability, and validated ex vivo. DET-type EGFET sensors showed low signal bias against a variety of interfering compounds and demonstrated acute reversibility and stability, while also successfully measuring glucose ex vivo in human plasma with a limit of detection of 0.94 mM. The DET-type EGFET glucose sensor was operated ex vivo over a physiological concentration range, demonstrating the feasibility of using EGFET-based transduction of DET-<i>Bc</i>GDH for future use in CGM applications.