The unwanted effects of supervisor support: Exploring how and when PSS leads to employee submissive behaviours

The purpose of this study is to challenge the prevailing assumption that submissiveness arises solely from undermining leadership. Specifically, it examines how employee submissive behaviour results from supportive leadership as well. Drawing on the relational model of authority, we hypothesize that perceived supervisor support (PSS) positively influences submissive behaviour, with organizational pride mediating this relationship. Additionally, we propose that proactive personality weakens the direct relationship between PSS and submissiveness. Using a multisource sample of 558 employees and their supervisors, the findings generally support our predictions. The results suggest that PSS may encourage submissiveness, particularly for employees low in proactive personality.