Entropy generation optimization in a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow via an exponentially stretching sheet with non-Fourier heat flux

This study analyzes entropy generation in a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over an exponentially stretching sheet, incorporating quadratic thermal radiation, Cattaneo-Christov heat flux, and chemical reaction parameters. After converting the governing equations to a collection of ordinary differential equations, the bvp4c solver was used to find solutions. For three different shape factors—platelet, cylinder, and brick—the outcomes are displayed. The friction factor is found to be positively correlated with the volume percentage of titanium dioxide and negatively correlated with the magnetic field parameter ( Mn ). The friction factor decreases at a rate of 0.18023 for the platelet shape, 0.1802 for the cylindrical shape, and 0.18016 for the brick shape at 0.5≤ Mn ≤4. It is noted that the rise in heat transmission rate is accompanied by the rise in radiation parameter ( Rd ). It has been found that when 0.1≤ Rd ≤2.5, the Nusselt number increases by 0.246750723, 0.248424079, and 0.251223958 for platelet, cylinder, and brick shapes respectively. An escalation in the Sherwood number is noticed with an increase in the chemical reaction parameter ( Cn ). There is a noticeable increase of 0.167544801, 0.16785809, and 0.168374083 in the Sherwood number for platelet, cylinder, and brick shapes, respectively at 0.1≤ Cn ≤0.7.