Learning lessons through disaster globalisation: Preparing and mitigating globally while responding locally

The National Response Framework (NRF) provides a guideline on how the USA responds to disasters and emergencies.1 The NRF is designed as a tiered response such that incidents are handled at the lowest level. It states that it is built on scalable, flexible and adaptable concepts identified in the National Incident Management System.2 Globalisation, whether by its inherent structure or the effect of the disaster itself, no longer geographically limits the extent of today's disasters. Climate change, international economic integration, supply chain infrastructure, cyberattacks, infectious diseases, ease of travel and various national political interests change the way the NRF needs to address disaster preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation strategies. While the NRF approach begins at the lowest level, there needs to be simultaneous preparation at the highest levels, recognising that the impacts of disasters, as in much of the rest of the world, are no longer limited by borders. This article is also included in The Business & Management Collection which can be accessed at https://hstalks.com/ business/.