FACTORS OF INFLUENCE AND TRENDS IN THE EXPORT OF HIGH-TECH GOODS ON THE WORLD MARKET

The purpose of this article is to reveal trends in the development of high-technology exports and identify key determinants that directly affect their growth. The authors employ comparative and regression analysis methods to assess the relationship between the volumes of high-tech exports and various factors, including R&D expenditures, the number of researchers, proceeds from the use of intellectual property, payments for the use of intellectual property, broadband Internet access, and the volume of FDI. The object of the study is a group of leading countries in terms of the share of high-tech exports in total exports for 2021: Malaysia, Vietnam, Korea, the Republic of China, Singapore, the Czech Republic, and Thailand. It was found that the volume of high-tech exports worldwide increased 3.4 times between 2000 and 2021. During crisis periods, the rate of decline in high-tech exports shows more positive results than the rate of decrease in total goods exports. A positive correlation with high-tech exports characterises the selected factors. Based on the analysis, the authors identified that each country has its unique profile of high-tech leadership, characterised by dominant factors. In China, these are payments for the use of intellectual property and R&D expenses, in Vietnam – broadband Internet access and FDI volumes, for R. Korea – R&D expenses, for Czechia – R&D expenses and the number of researchers, for Malaysia – payments for the use of intellectual property and FDI, for Singapore – R&D expenses and FDI, for Thailand – payments for the use of intellectual property.