Comparison of the effect of preoperative glycopyrrolate and penehyclidine hydrochloride on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of preoperative glycopyrrolate and penehyclidine hydrochloride on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial enrolled 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to the glycopyrrolate group, penehyclidine hydrochloride group, or normal saline group. Postoperative nausea and vomiting, hemodynamic parameters, anesthetic consumption, duration of postanesthesia care unit stay, and other perioperative adverse events were recorded.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 1 h in the penehyclidine hydrochloride group was significantly lower than that in the normal saline and glycopyrrolate groups. The heart rate at immediately prior to anesthesia induction, 1 min after endotracheal intubation, the start of surgery, 2 min after pneumoperitoneum, and cholecyst dissection and mean arterial pressure at 1 min after endotracheal intubation and the start of surgery in the normal saline group were significantly lower than those in the glycopyrrolate group. The heart rate at immediately prior to anesthesia induction, 1 min after endotracheal intubation, the start of surgery, and 2 min after pneumoperitoneum and mean arterial pressure at 1 min after endotracheal intubation in the penehyclidine hydrochloride group were markedly lower than those in the glycopyrrolate group. The incidence of bradycardia in the normal saline and penehyclidine hydrochloride groups was significantly higher than that in the glycopyrrolate group.ConclusionsPenehyclidine hydrochloride is more effective than glycopyrrolate in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, particularly in the early postoperative period.<b>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry number:</b> ChiCTR2500107519.