The education system of Buryatia as a socio-cultural mechanism for the formation and strengthening of interethnic tolerance

The research focuses on the emergence and evolution of the educational component, including the humanistic orientation of the curriculum, within the education system of Buryatia throughout its historical stages. The study examines the activities of the educational system in fostering a tolerant individual within the context of developing and strengthening interethnic tolerance in this region. Attention is given to specific characteristics of Buryatia, such as its tradition of positive interethnic relations and the widespread prevalence of schools with mixed ethnic and linguistic student bodies. The purpose of this paper is to identify the role and significance of the Buryat education system in cultivating a tolerant individual and to determine the contribution of schools to creating and maintaining an atmosphere of positive interethnic relations in the region. The author employed the dialectical method, as well as structural-functional, historical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and other general scientific methods. The scientific novelty of the research is threefold. Firstly, the evolution of the Buryat education system as a sociocultural mechanism for the formation and strengthening of interethnic tolerance has not previously been a specific subject of study. Secondly, the analysis traces both the influence of the actual state of interethnic interaction in the region on the school system and the reciprocal impact of the educational process on the spiritual and moral climate of the regional community. Thirdly, it demonstrates a consistent increase, particularly in recent centuries, in the role of the educational component, including the targeted cultivation of a tolerant individual. It is noted that the principles of international education during the Soviet period aligned with established practices of interethnic cooperation, including a significant number of mixed marriages. This historical context has facilitated the successful implementation of multicultural education principles today. The main conclusions of the study are : education in Buryatia, as a part of culture ensuring cultural transmission, has significantly contributed to nurturing tolerant individuals and has fostered the development of cooperative relations, friendship, and trust among different ethnic groups. These processes gradually became more purposeful, especially during the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Currently, the education system functions effectively as a key sociocultural mechanism for the formation and reinforcement of interethnic tolerance.