Color and Translucency Stability of Conventional, Milled, and 3D-Printed Provisional Restorative Materials After Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Brushing

Cigarette smoke adversely affected the optical properties of PRMs, particularly in conventional and 3D-printed resins. Milled materials exhibited superior resistance to discoloration and translucency change. Although brushing did not completely reverse staining, it effectively reduced discoloration, particularly in milled materials.