The m6A reader YTHDF1 facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation and migration via c-MYC
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent mRNA modification in eukaryotes, is critical for posttranscriptional regulation. The m6A reader YTH domain-containing family protein 1 (YTHDF1) acts as an oncogene in multiple malignancies, yet its specific roles and regulatory mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have not been fully elucidated. This study elucidates a novel epitranscriptional axis whereby YTHDF1 drives NPC progression via posttranscriptional regulation of c-MYC. Clinical analyses reveal YTHDF1 is overexpressed in a subset of NPC specimens, with high expression correlating with advanced stage and poor patient outcomes, supporting its potential as a prognostic biomarker. Functional assays demonstrate that YTHDF1 enhances NPC proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, while promoting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, m6A RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing identifies a conserved m6A modification peak within the 3' untranslated region near the stop codon of c-MYC mRNA, distinct from those reported in other malignancies, that is specifically recognized by YTHDF1, as validated by RIP-qPCR. Unlike its role in other cancers, where YTHDF1 primarily stabilizes c-MYC mRNA, in NPC it exerts dual posttranscriptional control: prolonging c-MYC mRNA half-life to enhance stability and increasing translational efficiency (confirmed by ribosome profiling) to elevate c-MYC protein levels, forming a coordinated regulatory network. Luciferase reporter assays confirm the functional necessity of this m6A site, as mutations abrogate YTHDF1-mediated regulation. Importantly, the m6A inhibitor STM2457 reverses YTHDF1-driven oncogenic phenotypes. These findings uncover a novel mechanism by which YTHDF1 regulates c-MYC through combined effects on mRNA stability and translation, advancing understanding of m6A-mediated oncogenesis and offering new insights into epitranscriptional control of cancer progression.
Authors
- Zhiwen Xiao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-2067)
- Tianliang Xia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3369-8612)
- Ping Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6097-7794)
- Taowei Wu
- Haicang Zeng
- Qian Zhong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-6996)
- Xiaoming Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-533X)
- Yuchu Ye
- Mu‐Sheng Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-5591)
- Shibing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7000-2572)
Institutions
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital (CN)
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Published
- 2025-10-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110833
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.81